Bangladesh is a South Asian country with a population of about 169.8 million people. It is one of the most densely populated countries in the world. The capital and largest city is Dhaka. The official language is Bangla and the majority of the population is Muslim. Bangladesh has made significant progress in recent decades, reducing poverty and improving health and education. The country is a lower-middle-income country with a growing economy. The main industries are ready-made garments, textiles, chemical fertilizers, jute and jute goods, tea processing, pharmaceuticals, paper and newsprint, sugar, cement, leather goods, food, fish, and poultry. The literacy rate in Bangladesh is 74.66%, which is a significant increase from the literacy rate of 51.8% in 1981. However, the literacy rate for males is higher than the literacy rate for females. The government is taking steps to address this gender gap. Overall, Bangladesh is a developing country with a bright future. It has made significant progress in recent decades and is on track to achieve its development goals.
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Country Name
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People's Republic of Bangladesh
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Type of Government |
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Parliamentary form; President is the ceremonial head of the state and Prime Minister is the head of the government |
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Area |
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1,47,570 sq. km. |
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Population (Census 2022) |
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Total Population: 169.83 million Growth rate: 1.12% |
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Capital City |
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Dhaka |
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Percentage of Population According to Religion |
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Muslim (91.08%), Hindu (7.96%), Buddhist (0.61%), Christian (0.3%) and Others (0.06%). |
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Standard Time |
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GMT + 6 hours |
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US$ 501 billion (provisional) |
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4.14% |
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National Budget (2026-27) |
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Tk 9.38 lakh crore ($77 billion USD approx.) |
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Total Export (2025-26) |
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US$ 48.01 billion (Goods) US$ 6.91 billion (Services) |
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Total Import (2025-26) |
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US$ 67.73 billion (July-May) |
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GNI per capita (2025-26) (at current price) |
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US$ 3020 (provisional) |
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Inflation |
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8.48% (June 2026) |
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Foreign Exchange Reserve |
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US$ 36.48 billion (as on 23 July 2026) |
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Remittance (2025-26) |
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US$ 35.58 billion |
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Principal Crops and Fruits |
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Paddy, Jute, Wheat, Tobacco, Pulses, Oil seeds, Spices, Vegetables, Jack-fruit, Banana, Mango, Coconut, Pineapple etc. |
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Mineral Resources |
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Natural Gas, Coal, Lime, White clay, Granite, Glass sand etc. (Source: Energy and Mineral Resource Division) |
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Principal Industries |
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Readymade garments, Pharmaceuticals, Cements, Garment accessories, Chemicals, Fertilizers, Newsprint, Leather and leather goods, Plastic and plastic goods, Paper, Sugar, Jute, Ship building etc. |
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Principal Exports |
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Readymade garments, Frozen foods (shrimps), Leather, Leather products, Plastic and plastic goods, Jute, Jute products, Tea, Ceramic, Textile fabrics, Home Textile, Chemical product, Light engineering products including bi-cycle etc. |
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Principal Imports |
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Capital machinery and equipment, Electrical appliances, Cotton yarn & synthetic yarn, Raw Cotton, Iron & Steel, Petroleum Products, Edible oil, Plastics and articles, Crude Petroleum oil, Wheat, Sugar, Fertilizer, Rice etc. |
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Literacy Rate (7+Years) Census 2022 |
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74.8% |
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Life expectancy (Years) Census 2022 |
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Male : 70.8 Female : 74.2 |
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Labour Force
(Labour Force Survey, 2022) |
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Total Labor Force (15 years +) : 71.71 million Male : 48.02 million Female : 23.69 million |
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Tourist Spots |
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Cox’s Bazar, Rangamati, Chittagong, Sylhet, Kuakata (Patuakhali), Sundarban (Khulna). The 120-km long Cox’s Bazar sea beach is considered to be the longest in the world. Kuakata is a unique beach for viewing sunrise and sunset. Sundarban is the home of the Royal Bengal Tiger and a UNESCO acclaimed World Heritage site. |
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Export Processing Zones (EPZ) |
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Chittagong, Dhaka, Mongla, Ishwardi, Comilla, Uttara-Nilphamary, Adamjee-Narayangang and a Korean EPZ in Chittagong. |
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Sea Ports |
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3 (Chittagong, Mongla and Paira) Matarbari Deep Seaport (under construction) |
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Airports |
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11 (3 International and 8 Domestic) International: Dhaka, Cittagong and Sylhet. Domestic: Jessore, Iswardi, Comilla, Cox's Bazar, Thakurgaon, Rajshahi, Barisal and Saidpur |