Bangladesh is a South Asian country with a population of about 168 million people. It is one of the most densely populated countries in the world. The capital and largest city is Dhaka. The official language is Bengali and the majority of the population is Muslim.
Bangladesh has made significant progress in recent decades, reducing poverty and improving health and education. The country is a lower-middle-income country with a growing economy. The main industries are ready-made garments, textiles, chemical fertilizers, jute and jute goods, tea processing, pharmaceuticals, paper and newsprint, sugar, cement, leather goods, food, fish, and poultry.
The literacy rate in Bangladesh is 75.2%, which is a significant increase from the literacy rate of 51.8% in 1981. However, the literacy rate for males is higher than the literacy rate for females. The government is taking steps to address this gender gap.
Overall, Bangladesh is a developing country with a bright future. It has made significant progress in recent decades and is on track to achieve its development goals.
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Country Name
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People's Republic of Bangladesh
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Type of Government |
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Parliamentary form; President is the ceremonial head of the state and Prime Minister is the head of the government |
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Area |
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1,47,570 sq. km. |
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Population (Census 2022) |
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Total Population : 169.15 million Growth rate: 1.3% |
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Percentage of Population According to Religion |
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Muslim (91.04%), Hindu (7.95%), Buddhist (0.61%), Christian (0.3%) and Animists and believers in tribal faiths (0.12%). |
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Capital City |
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Dhaka |
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Standard Time |
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GMT + 6 hours |
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Language |
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Bangla. English is second most important language. |
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Principal Crops and Fruits |
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Rice, Wheat, Jute, Tea, Tobacco, Sugarcane, Pulses, Oilseeds, Spices, Potatoes, Vegetables, Banana, Mango, Coconut, Jack fruits and Pineapple. |
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Mineral Resources |
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Natural gas, Limestone, hard rock, coal, Peat, lignite, silica sand, white clay, radioactive sand, etc. |
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Principal Industries |
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Jute, Tea, Textiles, Ceramic, Garments, Knitwear, Paper, Newsprint, Fertilizer, Shipbuilding, Agro-processing, Leather and Leather Goods, Sugar, Cement, Fish Processing, Pharmaceuticals, Chemicals, Light Engineering, Plastic and Rubber, Furniture & Ceramic, etc. |
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Principal Exports |
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Pharmaceuticals, Plastic and Plastic goods, Agro Processing, Readymade garments, knitwear, frozen food and shrimp, tea, raw jute, jute products, leather and leather products, chemical fertilizer, ceramic tableware, naphtha, furniture, fruits and vegetables ,handicraft, light engineering products including bicycle, etc. |
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Principal Imports |
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Wheat, oil seeds, crude petroleum, raw cotton, edible oil, petroleum products, fertilizer, cement, staple fibers, yarn, iron and steel, capital goods and machinery, automobiles, food grains, milk powder & baby food, etc. |
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Literacy Rate (7+Years) Census 2022 |
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74.4% |
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Life expectancy (Years), 2020-21 |
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72.3% |
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Labour Force
(Labour Force Survey, 2016-17) |
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Total Labour Force (15 years +) : 73.4 million Male : 47.5 million Female : 25.9 million |
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Tourist Spots |
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Cox’s Bazar, Rangamati, Chittagong, Sylhet, Kuakata (Patuakhali), Sundarban (Khulna). The 120-km long Cox’s Bazar sea beach is considered to be the longest in the world. Kuakata is a unique beach for viewing sunrise and sunset. Sundarban is the home of the Royal Bengal Tiger. |
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Export Processing Zones (EPZ) |
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Chittagong, Dhaka, Mongla, Ishwardi, Comilla, Uttara-Nilphamary, Adamjee-Narayangang and a Korean EPZ in Chittagong. |
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Sea Ports |
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3 (Chittagong, Mongla and Paira) |
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Airports |
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11 (3 International and 8 Domestic) International: Dhaka, Cittagong and Sylhet. Domestic: Jessore, Iswardi, Comilla, Cox's Bazar, Thakurgaon, Rajshahi, Barisal and Saidpur |
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US$ 453.87 billion |
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6.03%
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Total Export (2022-23) |
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US$ 55558.77 million (products)
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Total Import (2022-23) |
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US$ 75061.60 million
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GNI per capita (2022-23) (at current price) |
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US$2765 |
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Inflation (2022-23) |
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9.74% (June 2023) |
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Foreign Exchange Reserve |
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US$ 31202.98 (as on 30 June 2023) |
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Remittance (2022-23) |
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US$ 21610.73 million
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National Budget (2022-23) |
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678064 Cr. taka |